Herramientas automáticas en Espirometría

feb 20, 2024

La espirometría es un método de diagnóstico en el que el paciente debe realizar todo el esfuerzo para que la prueba se lleve a cabo correctamente. Sin embargo, la tecnología digital puede ayudarles a usted y al paciente en el proceso del examen físico. Las siguientes funciones automáticas de MESI mTABLET SPIRO pueden ayudarle a guiar al paciente y a interpretar la calidad de las maniobras durante y después de su realización.

Pantalla en tiempo real de la curva de flujo-volumen

Mientras se lleva a cabo la maniobra, es posible monitorizarla a través de una pantalla visual mejorada que muestra la curva de flujo-volumen y los parámetros. Puede alternar entre la vista de gráfico y la vista de valores de parámetros.

Advertencias de calidad de la maniobra

Si el dispositivo no detecta problemas de calidad en la maniobra realizada, aparecerá una marca de verificación en verde. En caso contrario, se mostrará una de las siguientes advertencias de calidad de la maniobra:

A continuación, se muestra un ejemplo si no se ha satisfecho ninguno de los criterios de aceptabilidad:

Selección de los mejores resultados (selección de BestBreath™)

El dispositivo analiza las espiraciones y selecciona automáticamente la mejor curva. Este método resulta ventajoso si dos curvas son muy similares. Sin embargo, también existe la opción de anular la selección de cualquier maniobra seleccionada y elegir la preferida de forma manual.

Modo con incentivos animado

El modo con incentivos animado se utiliza con fines pediátricos. Está diseñado para adaptarse a las características psicológicas de los niños mientras se les da indicaciones durante la prueba de espirometría. Conforme sople el paciente, el velero se acercará a la boya roja. El soplado se realiza correctamente si el velero toca la boya y aparece la marca de verificación en verde.

En MESI mTABLET SPIRO, la animación con incentivos se basa en los criterios ATS/ERS 2019 [16].

Afecciones frecuentemente diagnosticadas con espirometría

Comparación de diferentes dispositivos de espirometría

Aprenda cómo realizar correctamente una ESPIROMETRÍA en un libro electrónico completo:

Consiga el libro electrónico gratis

[1] American Lung Association. Spirometry. What Is Spirometry and Why It is Done. Accessed 19.10.2023. https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-procedures-and-tests/spirometry

[2] Graham BL et al. Standardization of spirometry 2019 update. An official American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society technical statement. Am J Respir Crit Care Med.
2019;200(8):e70e88.https://www.atsjournals.org/doi/full/10.1164/rccm.201908-1590ST

[3] Barreiro TJ and Perillo I. An Approach to Interpreting Spirometry. Am Fam Physician. 2004;69(5):1107-1115. https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2004/0301/p1107.html#afp20040301p1107-b1

[4] The McGill Physiology Virtual Lab. Theory. Lung Diseases. Accessed 15.10.2023. https://www.medicine.mcgill.ca/physio/vlab/other_exps/resp/Lungdiseases_n.htm

[5] NDD Medical Technologies. PFT Testing for cardiopulmonary disease. Accessed 14.10.2023. https://nddmed.com/pulmonary-function-testsolutions/pft-testing-in-cardiology

[6] Hirsch, L. Lungs and Respiratory System. Nemours KidsHealth. Accessed 13.10.2023. https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/lungs.html

[7] iebens AA, Heath DA, Beers MF, Elliott DH, Klocke RA, Weibel ER, Burri PH, Cherniack NS. Human Respiratory System. Encyclopedia Britannica.3.7.2023. Accessed 15.11.2023. https://www.britannica.com/science/human-respiratory-system.

[8] Spirometry. (2023, September 26). Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spirometry

[9] Towards a good asthma diagnosis in adults. Recent guidelines from the ERS. Soundcloud. Accessed 28.5.2023. https://soundcloud.com/erspodcasts/towards-a-good-asthma-diagnosis-in-adults-recent guidelines-from-the-ers?utm_source=channel.ersnet.org&utm_campaign=wtshare&utm_medium=widget&utm_content=https%253A%252F%252Fsoundcloud.com%252Ferspodcasts%252Ftowards-a-goodasthma-diagnosis-in-adults-recent-guidelines-from-the-ers).

[10] Lamb K, Theodore D, Bhutta BS. Spirometry. [Updated 2023 Jul 17]. StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Jan-.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560526/

[11] Moore VC. Spirometry: step by step. Breathe 2012 8: 232-240. Doi: 10.1183/20734735.0021711 https://breathe.ersjournals.com/content/8/3/232

[12] Pulmonary Function Test (PFT) Explained Clearly.

MedCram. Accessed 17.10.2023. https://www.medcram.com/courses/pulmonary-functiontest-pft-explained-clearly

[13] Quanjer PH, Stanojevic S, Cole TJ, Baur X, Hall GL, Culver BH, Enright PL, Hankinson JL, Lp MSM, Zheng J, Stocks J and the ERS Global Lung Function Initiative. Multi-ethnic reference values for spirometry for the 3–95-yr age range: the global lung function 2012 equations. Eur Respir J 2012; 40: 1324–1343. Doi: 10.1183/09031936.00080312. https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/40/6/1324

[14] Sylvester KP, Clayton N, Cliff I et al. ARTP statement on pulmonary function testing. 2020. BMJ Open Respiratory Research 2020;7:e000575. Doi: 10.1136/bmjresp-2020-000575. https://bmjopenrespres.bmj.com/content/7/1/e000575

[15] Luostarinen, E. Open circuit spirometry and closed circuit spirometry. 2021. Medikro. Accessed 10.10.2023. https://medikro.zendesk.com/hc/enus/articles/4407904014481-Open-circuit-spirometry-and-closed-circuit-spirometry

[16] Graham BL, Steenbruggen I, Miller MR, Barjaktarevic IZ, Cooper BG, Hall GL, Hallstrand TS, Kaminsky DA, McCarthy K, McCormack MC, Oropez CE, Rosenfeld M, Stanojevic S, Swanney MP, Thompson BR. Standardization of Spirometry 2019 Update. An Official American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society Technical Statement. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2019 Oct 15;200(8):e70-e88. doi:10.1164/rccm.201908-1590ST. PMID:31613151; PMCID: PMC6794117. https://www.atsjournals.org/doi/epdf/10.1164/rccm.201908-1590ST?role=tab

[17] Mhagami, C. Spirometry – What is normal and abnormal?. 28.7.2022. iOH. Accessed 19-10-2023. https://ioh.org.uk/2022/07/spriromety-what-isnormal-and-abnormal/

[18] Stanojevic S, Wade A, Stocks J. European Respiratory Journal 2010 36: 12-19; Doi: 10.1183/09031936.00143209. https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/36/1/12.long#sec-5

[19] Sim YS, Lee JH, Lee WY, Suh DI, Oh YM, Yoon JS, Lee JH, Cho JH, Kwon CS, Chang JH. Spirometry and Bronchodilator Test. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul). 2017 Apr;80(2):105-112. doi:10.4046/trd.2017.80.2.105. Epub 2017 Mar 31. PMID: 28416951; PMCID: PMC5392482. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5392482/

[20] Quanjer PH, Tammeling GJ, Cotes JE, Pedersen OF, Peslin R, Yernault JC. Lung volumes and forced ventilatory flows. European Respiratory Journal 1993 6: 5-40. Doi:10.1183/09041950.005s1693. https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/6/Suppl_16/5

[21] Flow-Volume Loops. 15.2.2021. MedSchool. Accessed 13.10.2023. https://medschool.co/tests/lung-function/flow-volume-loops

[22] Asthma. 4.5.2023. World Health Organization. Accessed 12.10.2023. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/asthma

[23] Papi A, Brightling C, Pedersen SE, Reddel HK. Asthma. Lancet. 2018 Feb 24;391(10122):783-800. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)33311-1. Epub 2017 Dec 19. PMID: 29273246. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29273246/

[24] What Happens in Your Airways When You Have Asthma? Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America. Accessed 13.9.2023. https://community.aafa.org/blog/what-happens-in-your-airways-when-you-have-asthma

[25] Symptoms. Asthma. NHS. Accessed 14.10.2023. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/asthma/symptoms/

[26] Causes. Asthma. NHS. Accessed 14.10.2023. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/asthma/causes/

[27] Peak flow test. NHS. Accessed 15.10.2023. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/peak-flow-test/

[28] Louis R, Satia I, Ojanguren I et al. European Respiratory Society guidelines for the diagnosis of asthma in adults. Eur Respir J 2022; 60: 2101585. doi: 10.1183/13993003.01585-2021)

[29] Treatment. Asthma. NHS. Accessed 14.10.2023. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/asthma/treatment/

[30] Gupta N, Malhotra N, Ish P. GOLD 2021 Guidelines for COPD—What’s New and Why. Advances in Respiratory Medicine. 2021; 89(3):344-346. https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.a2021.0015. https://www.mdpi.com/2543-6031/89/3/344

[31] Sandelowsky H., Weinreich UM, Aarli BB et al. COPD – do the right thing. BMC Fam Pract 22, 244 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-021-01583-w

[32] COPD. Mayo Clinic. Accessed 11.10.2023. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/copd/symptoms-causes/syc-20353679

[33] Davis, CP. COPD Lung Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment. 11.5.2020. emedicinehealth. Accessed 30.9.2023. https://www.emedicinehealth.com/slideshow_pictures_copd/article_em.htm

[34] Pocket Guide to COPD Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention. A Guide for Health Care Professionals. 2021 Report. Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. /https://goldcopd.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/GOLD-2021-POCKET-GUIDE-v1.0-16Nov20_WMV.pdf (Updated GOLD guidelines 2021)

[35] Kim S, Oh J, Kim YI et al. Differences in classification of COPD group using COPD assessment test (CAT) or modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnea scores: a cross-sectional analyses. BMC Pulm Med 13, 35 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2466-13-35

[36] Bronchodilators – Antimuscarinics (LAMA). RESPe. Accessed 1.10.2023. https://www.respelearning.scot/topic-3-treatment/medication/bronchodilators-antimuscarinics-lama

[37] Steroid inhalers. NHS. Accessed 2.10.2023. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/steroid-inhalers/

[38] Chronic Bronchitis. Cleveland Clinic. 24.1.2023. Accessed 13.10.2023. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24645-chronic-bronchitis

[39] Bulgakova K. COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease). Emphysema of the lungs. Lung disease. Infographics. Getty Images/iStockphoto. Uploaded 15.4.2023. ID: 1312420956. Accessed 14.10.2023. https://www.istockphoto.com/vector/copd-emphysema-of-the-lungs-lung-diseaseinfographics-vector-illustration-in-gm1312420956-401232676

[40] Bronchitis. 2.12.2022. NIH. Accessed 14.10.2023. https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/bronchitis

[41] Felson, S. Chronic Bronchitis Overview. 13.9.2022. WebMD. Accessed 13.10.2023. https://www.webmd.com/lung/copd/copd-chronic-bronchitis

[42] Bronchitis. Reviewed 23.9.2022. Cleveland Clinic. Accessed 12.10.2023. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/3993-bronchitis

[43] Acute Bronchitis. Johns Hopkins Medicine. Accessed 9.10.2023. https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/acutebronchitis

[44] Alveoli. NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms. NIH. Accessed 1.10.2023. https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/alveoli

[45] Emphysema vs. chronic bronchitis. Reviewed by Biggers A, 1.7.2019. MedicalNewsToday. Accessed 1.10.2023. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/325616#symptoms

[46] Stang D. and Case-Lo C. COPD and Cough: How They’re Related and What You Should Know. Updated 10.3.2023. healthline. Accessed 13.10.2023. https://www.healthline.com/health/copd/coughing

[47] Emphysema. Cleveland Clinic. Reviewed 29.11.2023. Accessed 12.10.2023. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9370-emphysema

[48] Pulmonology. Emphysema. UCSF Health. Accessed 29.9.2023. https://www.ucsfhealth.org/conditions/emphysema/treatment

[49] Cystic fibrosis. Medline Plus. NIH. National Library of Medicine. Accessed 30.9.2023. https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/cysticfibrosis/#frequency

[50] Cystic Fibrosis. Reviewed 9.5.2022. CDC. Accessed 25.9.2023. https://www.cdc.gov/genomics/disease/cystic_fibrosis.htm

[51] Cystic fibrosis. Updated 18.10.2023. NHSinform. Accessed 13.9.2023. https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/lungs-and-airways/cystic-fibrosis/

[52] Bronchiectasis. Symptoms of bronchiectasis. Updated 15.6.2023. NHSinform. Accessed 13.9.2023. https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-andconditions/lungs-and-airways/bronchiectasis#symptoms-of-bronchiectasis

[53] Bronchiectasis. Causes of bronchiectasis. Updated 15.6.2023. NHSinform. Accessed 13.9.2023. https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-andconditions/lungs-and-airways/bronchiectasis#causes-of-bronchiectasis

[54] Bronchiectasis. Diagnosing bronchiectasis. Updated 15.6.2023. NHSinform. Accessed 13.9.2023. https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-andconditions/lungs-and-airways/bronchiectasis#diagnosing-bronchiectasis

[55] Bronchiectasis. Treating bronchiectasis. Updated 15.6.2023. NHSinform. Accessed 13.9.2023. https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-andconditions/lungs-and-airways/bronchiectasis#treating-bronchiectasis

[56] Obstructive vs. Restrictive. [image] Pinterest. Accessed 30.9.2023. https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/740982944917386962/

[57] Pneumonitis. 9.3.2018. Mayo Clinic. Accessed 15.10.2023. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pneumonitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20352623

[58] Colyer A. Pneumonitis: What you need to know. 18.9.2017. Medical News Today. Accessed 15.10.2023. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/319451#causes

[59] Pulmonary Fibrosis. Reviewed 4.5.2021. Cleveland Clinic. Accessed 12.10.2023. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/10959-pulmonaryfibrosis

[60] Living with Pulmonary Fibrosis. FAQ. Updated 17.11.2022. American Lung Association. Accessed 14.10.2023. https://www.lung.org/lung-healthdiseases/lung-disease-lookup/pulmonary-fibrosis/patients/living-well-with-pulmonary-fibrosis/living-with-pulmonary

[61] Pulmonary fibrosis. 6.3.2018. Mayo Clinic. Accessed 12.10.2023. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pulmonary-fibrosis/symptomscauses/syc-20353690

[62] About pulmonary fibrosis. Causes. Pulmonary Fibrosis Foundation. Accessed 11.10.2023. https://www.pulmonaryfibrosis.org/understanding-pff/about-pulmonary-fibrosis/causes

[63] Sève P, Pacheco Y, Durupt F, Jamilloux Y, Gerfaud-Valentin M, Isaac S, Boussel L, Calender A, Androdias G, Valeyre D, El Jammal T. Sarcoidosis: A Clinical Overview from Symptoms to Diagnosis. Cells. 2021 Mar 31;10(4):766. doi: 10.3390/cells10040766. PMID: 33807303; PMCID: PMC8066110 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8066110/

[64] Sarcoidosis. 30.1.2019. Mayo Clinic. Accessed 11.10.2023. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/sarcoidosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20350358

[65] Sarcoidosis. Reviewed 6.10.2022. NHS. Accessed 16.10.2023. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/sarcoidosis/

[66] Stanojevic S, Kaminsky DA, Miller MR, Thompson B, Aliverti A, Barjaktarevic I, Cooper BG, Culver B, Derom E, Hall GL, Hallstrand TS, Leuppi JD, MacIntyre N, McCormack M, Rosenfeld M, Swenson ER. ERS/ATS technical standard on interpretive strategies for routine lung function tests. European Respiratory Journal Jul 2022, 60 (1) 2101499; DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01499-2021

[67] [Photo] Shutterstock, cited in: Woodyatt, A. Asthma patients could slash their carbon footprint by switching to ‘greener’ inhalers. 30.10.2023. CNN health. Accessed 7.11.2023.

[68] Ernest Z. What are the structure and function of alveoli? [image] Socratic Q&A. Anatomy & Physiology. 15.6.2016. Accessed 13.11.2023. https://socratic.org/questions/what-are-structure-and-function-of-alveoli